Kind: Subsystem

Class: Vehicle

Type: System

Vehicle

Overview

This 'Vehicle' physical object is used to model core capabilities that are common to more than one type of Vehicle. It provides the vehicle-based general sensory, processing, storage, and communications functions that support efficient, safe, and convenient travel. Many of these capabilities (e.g., see the Vehicle Safety service packages) apply to all vehicle types including personal vehicles, commercial vehicles, emergency vehicles, transit vehicles, and maintenance vehicles. From this perspective, the Vehicle includes the common interfaces and functions that apply to all motorized vehicles. The radio(s) supporting V2V and V2I communications are a key component of the Vehicle. Both one-way and two-way communications options support a spectrum of information services from basic broadcast to advanced personalized information services. Advanced sensors, processors, enhanced driver interfaces, and actuators complement the driver information services so that, in addition to making informed mode and route selections, the driver travels these routes in a safer and more consistent manner. This physical object supports all six levels of driving automation as defined in SAE J3016. Initial collision avoidance functions provide 'vigilant co-pilot' driver warning capabilities. More advanced functions assume limited control of the vehicle to maintain lane position and safe headways. In the most advanced implementations, this Physical Object supports full automation of all aspects of the driving task, aided by communications with other vehicles in the vicinity and in coordination with supporting infrastructure subsystems.



This physical object is included in the following Service Packages:

Triples

Source Flow Destination
Basic Vehicle driver input information Vehicle
Basic Vehicle host vehicle status Vehicle
Commercial Vehicle OBE special vehicle alert Vehicle
Connected Vehicle Roadside Equipment access permission Vehicle
Connected Vehicle Roadside Equipment access violation notification Vehicle
Connected Vehicle Roadside Equipment arriving train information Vehicle
Connected Vehicle Roadside Equipment automated vehicle control parameters Vehicle
Connected Vehicle Roadside Equipment cooperative adaptive cruise control parameters Vehicle
Connected Vehicle Roadside Equipment infrastructure restriction warning notification Vehicle
Connected Vehicle Roadside Equipment infrastructure safety warning notification Vehicle
Connected Vehicle Roadside Equipment intersection geometry Vehicle
Connected Vehicle Roadside Equipment intersection safety warning Vehicle
Connected Vehicle Roadside Equipment intersection status Vehicle
Connected Vehicle Roadside Equipment lane closure information Vehicle
Connected Vehicle Roadside Equipment local METR information for users Vehicle
Connected Vehicle Roadside Equipment local traveler information Vehicle
Connected Vehicle Roadside Equipment location correction Vehicle
Connected Vehicle Roadside Equipment low emissions zone parameters Vehicle
Connected Vehicle Roadside Equipment map updates Vehicle
Connected Vehicle Roadside Equipment parking availability Vehicle
Connected Vehicle Roadside Equipment parking facility geometry Vehicle
Connected Vehicle Roadside Equipment proxied personal location Vehicle
Connected Vehicle Roadside Equipment queue warning information Vehicle
Connected Vehicle Roadside Equipment rail crossing warning Vehicle
Connected Vehicle Roadside Equipment reduced speed notification Vehicle
Connected Vehicle Roadside Equipment restricted lanes information Vehicle
Connected Vehicle Roadside Equipment road closure information Vehicle
Connected Vehicle Roadside Equipment road weather advisories Vehicle
Connected Vehicle Roadside Equipment roadway geometry Vehicle
Connected Vehicle Roadside Equipment speed management information Vehicle
Connected Vehicle Roadside Equipment traffic gap information Vehicle
Connected Vehicle Roadside Equipment vehicle cluster coordination Vehicle
Connected Vehicle Roadside Equipment vehicle signage data Vehicle
Connected Vehicle Roadside Equipment vehicle situation data parameters Vehicle
Connected Vehicle Roadside Equipment wrong way vehicle detected Vehicle
Driver driver input Vehicle
Driver request for service Vehicle
Emergency Management Center emergency acknowledge Vehicle
Emergency Management Center emergency data request Vehicle
Emergency Vehicle OBE local METR information for users Vehicle
Emergency Vehicle OBE special vehicle alert Vehicle
Emergency Vehicle OBE vehicle signage data Vehicle
Enforcement Center service request Vehicle
ITS Object service advertisement Vehicle
Location and Time Data Source location and time Vehicle
Maint and Constr Vehicle OBE local METR information for users Vehicle
Maint and Constr Vehicle OBE special vehicle alert Vehicle
Maint and Constr Vehicle OBE vehicle signage data Vehicle
Map Update System intersection geometry Vehicle
Map Update System map updates Vehicle
Map Update System parking facility geometry Vehicle
Map Update System roadway geometry Vehicle
METR Distribution Center METR information for users Vehicle
Micromobility Vehicle OBE personal location Vehicle
Other Vehicles emergency acknowledge Vehicle
Other Vehicles emergency notification Vehicle
Other Vehicles emergency notification relay Vehicle
Other Vehicles intersection infringement info Vehicle
Other Vehicles map update sharing Vehicle
Other Vehicles vehicle cluster coordination Vehicle
Other Vehicles vehicle control event Vehicle
Other Vehicles vehicle environmental data Vehicle
Other Vehicles vehicle hazard event Vehicle
Other Vehicles vehicle location and motion Vehicle
Other Vehicles vehicle path prediction Vehicle
Other Vehicles vehicle platoon coordination Vehicle
Other Vehicles vehicle profile Vehicle
Other Vehicles wrong way vehicle detected Vehicle
Parking Area Equipment loading zone parking information Vehicle
Personal device configuration coordination Vehicle
Personal Information Device personal location Vehicle
Potential Obstacles physical presence Vehicle
Roadway Environment environmental conditions Vehicle
Roadway Environment roadway characteristics Vehicle
Transit Vehicle OBE special vehicle alert Vehicle
Transit Vehicle OBE vehicle signage data Vehicle
Transportation Information Center automated vehicle control parameters Vehicle
Transportation Information Center broadcast traveler information Vehicle
Transportation Information Center infrastructure safety warning notification Vehicle
Transportation Information Center intersection status Vehicle
Transportation Information Center lane closure information Vehicle
Transportation Information Center queue warning information Vehicle
Transportation Information Center reduced speed warning info Vehicle
Transportation Information Center restricted lanes information Vehicle
Transportation Information Center road closure information Vehicle
Transportation Information Center road weather advisories Vehicle
Transportation Information Center speed management information Vehicle
Transportation Information Center vehicle situation data parameters Vehicle
Vehicle collision warning information Basic Vehicle
Vehicle driver update information Basic Vehicle
Vehicle vehicle control Basic Vehicle
Vehicle access request Connected Vehicle Roadside Equipment
Vehicle automated vehicle control status Connected Vehicle Roadside Equipment
Vehicle cooperative adaptive cruise control status Connected Vehicle Roadside Equipment
Vehicle intersection infringement info Connected Vehicle Roadside Equipment
Vehicle vehicle cluster coordination Connected Vehicle Roadside Equipment
Vehicle vehicle control event Connected Vehicle Roadside Equipment
Vehicle vehicle environmental data Connected Vehicle Roadside Equipment
Vehicle vehicle location and motion Connected Vehicle Roadside Equipment
Vehicle vehicle location and motion for surveillance Connected Vehicle Roadside Equipment
Vehicle vehicle platoon coordination Connected Vehicle Roadside Equipment
Vehicle vehicle profile Connected Vehicle Roadside Equipment
Vehicle vehicle reported emissions Connected Vehicle Roadside Equipment
Vehicle vehicle situation data Connected Vehicle Roadside Equipment
Vehicle wrong way vehicle detected Connected Vehicle Roadside Equipment
Vehicle driver updates Driver
Vehicle emergency notification Emergency Management Center
Vehicle emergency notification relay Emergency Management Center
Vehicle vehicle collision information Emergency Vehicle OBE
Vehicle service record Enforcement Center
Vehicle vehicle incident record Enforcement Center
Vehicle vehicle location and motion for mapping Map Update System
Vehicle METR discrepancy report METR Discrepancy Handling System
Vehicle METR discrepancy report METR System
Vehicle vehicle location and motion Micromobility Vehicle OBE
Vehicle emergency acknowledge Other Vehicles
Vehicle emergency notification Other Vehicles
Vehicle emergency notification relay Other Vehicles
Vehicle intersection infringement info Other Vehicles
Vehicle map update sharing Other Vehicles
Vehicle vehicle cluster coordination Other Vehicles
Vehicle vehicle control event Other Vehicles
Vehicle vehicle environmental data Other Vehicles
Vehicle vehicle hazard event Other Vehicles
Vehicle vehicle location and motion Other Vehicles
Vehicle vehicle path prediction Other Vehicles
Vehicle vehicle platoon coordination Other Vehicles
Vehicle vehicle profile Other Vehicles
Vehicle wrong way vehicle detected Other Vehicles
Vehicle loading zone use request Parking Area Equipment
Vehicle device configuration coordination Personal
Vehicle vehicle location and motion Personal Information Device
Vehicle vehicle location and motion Personnel Device
Vehicle OBE status Service Monitor System
Vehicle vehicle environmental data Transportation Information Center
Vehicle vehicle situation data Transportation Information Center
Vehicle vehicle diagnostic data Vehicle Service Center
Vehicle vehicle service request Vehicle Service Center
Vehicle Characteristics vehicle characteristics Vehicle
Vehicle Service Center vehicle commands Vehicle
Vehicle Service Center vehicle configuration settings Vehicle
Vehicle Service Center vehicle service information Vehicle
Vehicle Service Center vehicle service response Vehicle
Vehicle Service Center vehicle software install/upgrade Vehicle
Vulnerable Road Users vulnerable road user presence Vehicle

Security

This physical object has the following security levels for the associated service packages.

Physical Object Security
Security Class Confidentiality Integrity Availability Service Package
Class 5 Moderate Moderate High Location and Time
Class 3 Low High Moderate Advanced Railroad Grade Crossing
Class 3 Moderate High Moderate Automated Vehicle Operations
Class 3 Not Applicable High Moderate Connected Eco-Driving
Class 3 Low High Moderate Cooperative Adaptive Cruise Control
Class 3 Low High Moderate Dynamic Lane Management and Shoulder Use
Class 3 Low High Moderate Eco-Approach and Departure at Signalized Intersections
Class 3 Low High Moderate Incident Scene Safety Monitoring
Class 3 Moderate High Moderate Infrastructure Enhanced Cooperative Adaptive Cruise Control
Class 3 Moderate High Moderate Intermittent Bus Lanes
Class 3 Low High Moderate Intersection Safety Warning and Collision Avoidance
Class 3 Moderate High Moderate Map Management
Class 3 Moderate High Moderate Mayday Notification
Class 3 Moderate High Moderate Queue Warning
Class 3 Low High Moderate Situational Awareness
Class 3 Low High Moderate Stop Sign Gap Assist
Class 3 Low High Moderate Transit Vehicle at Station/Stop Warnings
Class 3 Low High Moderate Tunnel Management
Class 3 Low High Moderate V2V Basic Safety
Class 3 Moderate High Moderate Vehicle Emergency Response
Class 3 Moderate High Moderate Vehicle Maintenance
Class 3 Not Applicable High Moderate Vehicle Turning Right in Front of a Transit Vehicle
Class 3 Low High Moderate Vulnerable Road User Device Transition Support
Class 3 Low High Moderate Vulnerable Road User Safety
Class 3 Low High Moderate Work Zone Safety Monitoring
Class 3 Not Applicable High Moderate Wrong Way Vehicle Detection and Warning
Class 2 Moderate Moderate Moderate Connected Vehicle Traffic Signal System
Class 2 Moderate Moderate Moderate Eco-Lanes Management
Class 2 Moderate Moderate Moderate Eco-Traffic Metering
Class 2 Moderate Moderate Moderate Eco-Traffic Signal Timing
Class 2 Moderate Moderate Moderate Emissions Monitoring
Class 2 Moderate Moderate Moderate Loading Zone Management
Class 2 Moderate Moderate Moderate Low Emissions Zone Management
Class 2 Moderate Moderate Moderate Management of Electronic Traffic Regulations (METR)
Class 2 Moderate Moderate Moderate Transportation Infrastructure Protection
Class 2 Moderate Moderate Moderate Vehicle-Based Traffic Surveillance
Class 1 Not Applicable Low Low Autonomous Vehicle Safety Systems
Class 1 Low Moderate Moderate Curve Speed Warning
Class 1 Low Moderate Low Infrastructure Monitoring
Class 1 Low Low Moderate In-Vehicle Signage
Class 1 Not Applicable Low Moderate Object Registration and Discovery
Class 1 Low Moderate Moderate Oversize Vehicle Warning
Class 1 Low Moderate Moderate Reduced Speed Zone Warning / Lane Closure
Class 1 Low Moderate Moderate Restricted Lane Warnings
Class 1 Low Low Moderate Reversible Lane Management
Class 1 Low Moderate Moderate Road Weather Information for Freight Carriers
Class 1 Low Moderate Moderate Road Weather Motorist Alert and Warning
Class 1 Low Moderate Moderate Roadside Lighting
Class 1 Low Moderate Moderate Speed Harmonization
Class 1 Low Low Moderate Speed Warning and Enforcement
Class 1 Low Moderate Moderate Spot Weather Impact Warning
Class 1 Not Applicable Low Moderate V2V Special Vehicle Alert
Class 1 Low Moderate Moderate Weather Data Collection
Class 1 Low Low Moderate Work Zone Management



This interfaces diagram had many interfaces and so was broken up into a Subsystem and Terminator interfaces diagram.

Subsystem Interfaces Diagram

Interfaces diagram


Terminator Interfaces Diagram

Interfaces diagram

Standards

Currently, there are no standards associated with the physical object itself though the interfaces may have standards associated with them. For standards related to interfaces, see the specific information flow triple pages.





Alternative Configurations

Four different types of implementations are represented by the Vehicle On-Board Equipment. Four diagrams illustrate the four different implementations. Each diagram shows the subset of interfaces from ARC-IT that are relevant to that particular implementation. Note that a V2V safety application is shown, but the four implementation options also provide varied support for other vehicle safety applications. A fifth diagram covers a scenario where an aftermarket carry-in device is carried in to a vehicle that is already equipped with one of the Vehicle OBE implementations.

1. Vehicle Awareness Device – This is an aftermarket electronic device, installed in a vehicle without connection to vehicle systems, that is only capable of sending the basic safety message over short range communications. Vehicle awareness devices do not issue audible or visual warnings, alerts, or guidance to the driver of the vehicle.

2. Aftermarket Device – This is an aftermarket electronic device, installed in a vehicle, and capable of sending and receiving messages over a wireless communications link. The self-contained device includes GPS, runs connected vehicle applications, and includes an integrated driver interface that issues audible or visual warnings, alerts, and guidance to the driver of the vehicle. The aftermarket device may or may not have access to some vehicle system status.

3. Retrofit Device – This is an OEM authorized electronic device installed in vehicles by an OEM authorized service provider, at a service facility after the vehicle has been built. This type of device provides two-way communications and is connected to a vehicle databus. Depending on implementation, the device may include an integrated driver interface and GPS or integrate with modules on the vehicle databus that provide these services. Depending on implementation, it may only support some of the vehicle safety applications identified in ARC-IT and potentially support additional applications that are not identified in ARC-IT.

4. Integrated System – This is a system of one or more electronic devices integrated into vehicles during vehicle production. The Integrated System is connected to proprietary data busses to share information with other on-board systems. The Integrated System may be distributed across multiple subsystems and may be configured to support some of the vehicle safety applications identified in ARC-IT and potentially support additional applications that are not identified in ARC-IT.



In retrofit and integrated implementations, the Vehicle OBE interfaces to other on-board systems through a vehicle databus (e.g., CAN). Represented in ARC-IT as the 'Vehicle', this interface provides access to on-board sensors, monitoring and control systems, and information systems that support connected vehicle applications. The vehicle databus may also be the source for GPS location and time, map data that supports vehicle safety applications, and the access point for the vehicle's driver-vehicle interface.

5. A fifth diagram covers a scenario where an aftermarket carry-in device is carried in to a vehicle that is already equipped with one of the Vehicle OBE implementations. In this scenario, we have two different devices with possibly two different radios and two different user interfaces that must be coordinated to avoid interference or conflicts.